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Tough Mudder is an endurance event series in which participants attempt 10–16 mile-long (16–19 km) military-style obstacle courses. It was designed and created by a British Harvard Business School post graduate and a former corporate lawyer, and tests mental as well as physical strength. The obstacles often play on common human fears, such as fire, water, electricity and heights. The main principle of the Tough Mudder revolves around teamwork. The Tough Mudder organization values camaraderie throughout the course, designing obstacles that encourage group participation. Participants must commit to helping others complete the course, putting teammates before themselves, and overcoming fears.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://toughmudder.com/events/what-is-tough-mudder )〕 An average 78% of entrants successfully complete the course. The first Tough Mudder challenge was held in the United States in 2010. To date, more than 2 million people worldwide have participated in Tough Mudder events. ==History== Tough Mudder was co-founded in 2010 by Will Dean and Guy Livingstone, both British citizens living in New York. Dean had developed the idea for the company while studying at Harvard Business School, where the concept was a semifinalist in the school’s annual business plan competition. It has been widely noted that Will Dean took the idea from Billy Wilson and his Tough Guy races. Dean and Livingstone held the first Tough Mudder event on May 2, 2010 at Bear Creek Ski Resort near Allentown, PA. Promoted exclusively through Facebook advertising and word of mouth, the event drew more than 4,500 participants.〔 Two additional 2010 events were held in Northern California and New Jersey. The next year, 14 events were held throughout the United States.〔 In 2012, 35 events were held in four countries. Tough Mudder, as a company, is worth $70 million. On May 2, 2013, Tough Mudder announced that it had reached one million total registrations since it started in 2010. The company had more than 700,000 participants in 2013, with events in the U.S., UK, Australia, Canada, and Germany.〔 2013 also saw the launch of Mudderella, a female-focused mud run founded by several Tough Mudder employees.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://communities.washingtontimes.com/neighborhood/run-karla-run/2013/jun/27/mudderella-launches-among-growing-field-womens-obs/ )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.wellandgoodnyc.com/2013/06/06/a-brand-new-muddy-challenge-thats-made-for-women/ )〕 In 2014 the company also expanded to Ireland and New Zealand,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://toughmudder.com/events/norcal-2014/ )〕 with an military obstacle course in Auckland, NZ. In 2015, Tough Mudder will host more than 50 events in seven countries across three continents.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.afr.com/real-estate/commercial/hotels-and-leisure/tough-mudders-will-dean-brings-in-the-tear-gas-to-keep-us-hooked-20150224-13neon )〕 In August 2015, Tough Mudder announced that it had hosted its 2 millionth participant. Tough Mudder also launched two brand extensions in 2015: Fruit Shoot Mini Mudder, an obstacle course challenge for children created in partnership with Britvic, and Urban Mudder, a city-based obstacle challenge featuring a unique set of new obstacles. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tough Mudder」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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